Isingathekiso
· Isingathekiso siyaqhathanisa kodwa asisebenzisi isakhi kepha sivele sibize into ngenye.
Isibonelo: Lesi sigebengu sihlakaniphile siwuchakijana.
Nazi izincazelo zamagama
Tshonga history
History of Tshonga people
These people were so named mainly because of their geographical location and dialects. Though they spoke different dialects, the language and cultural practices were largely the same. Hence they constituted a single cultural and linguistic community. It is for this reason that when one reads Vutlharhi bya Vatsonga (a collection of Tsonga proverbs) by Junod, it is difficult to separate proverbs along the different dialects!!!!
For over centuries Tsonga have assimilated other cultural groups who came to live with them in the South East Africa region. The following clans are a case in point:
(a) Shona
(i)Tembe-Karanga (Kalanga)- were in Delagoa Bay region by 1554
(ii) Baloyi(Valoyi) –Rozvi (Lozwi) – they were already in the N’walungu region during the time of the Dutch occupation of the Delagoa Bay (1721-31). Some Hlengwe oral traditions claimed that the Hlengwe were actually the ones who converted the Valoyi from Rozvi (Lozwi) into Tsonga in Zimbabwe and Mozambique. This probably happened after the death of the powerful king of Rozvi, Changameri Dombo in 1696.
(b) Shiburi (Xivuri) were Sotho. They entered Mozambique as conquerors from the Mpumalanga lowveld in the 1700s as separate groups, but they organised themselves into a Shiburi (Xivuri) chiefdom.
(c) Manganyi were Nguni who lived in Kwa-Magoda in Kwa-Zulu Natal
(d) Mabunda and Maswanganyi were part of the Mazibuko (Nguni) clan in KwaZulu Natal.
(e) Gaza-Ngoni-Shangaan: several Nguni clans who left with Soshangane to Mozambique from 1821 abandoned their Nguni language and became Tsonga speaking
(f) Chopi- several Chopi people have joined the Maluleke clan.
(g) Ndau- several Ndau clans like Mashaba (Maxava or Machava), Sithole, Moyana, Miyambu, Simango are now part of the Tsonga.
(h) Nkuna- came from Ngome in KZN.
It must be understood that although the Tsonga assimilated foreign cultural elements, it does not follow that the people are merely a hybrid of the assimilated groups mentioned above. In fact, the Tsonga have for centuries been identified as a cultural and linguistic group sufficiently different from other neighbouring cultural groups like the Tonga of Inhambane, The Zulu (Nguni or Ngoni) and the Karanga and the Sotho in South East Africa.
Ukudla’nhlamvana kusho ukuphila
Isibonelo:
Ndodana, angazi noma uyongifica ngisawadla anhlamvana
Ukusebenzisa izifenqo endabeni nasencwadini kukhuphula izinga lomsebenzi
Isibonelo:
ukubhuqa
Nina beLembe eleqa amanye amalembe ngokukhalipha!
Sekwaba yinsakavulela umchilo wesidwaba ukuthi abantu abampisholo ubezwe bevitiza ngesilungu noma kuhlangene amaZulu wodwa. Ngikhuluma nje kweminye imizi ulimu lukaMageba selwafana nomzondo, kuthi noma abazukulu bevakashele oninakhulu kuhambe isilungu phambili wena owabona umchamo wasekuseni, zivele ziyime emthumeni ke kwintombi endala kube sengathi icala ukuthi ayisazi isilungu. Okungimangazayo ukuthi nalaba engangifunda nabo le emakhaya kwelakithi elingafelwa nkonyane namhlanje abasakwazi ngisho nokubhala amanye amagama esiZulu ngoba bekubona kuyichilo ukuba wumZulu ophelele nozigqajayo. Kanti ukube ngangingemZulu ngangiyoba yini?
Nina bakaNogwaza Eguqile Okwethole LikaNdaba!
Nina BakaHlamvana Bhul’umlilo Endulinde!
Nina BakaLanga Lisehlule Sesingamavikithi
Nina BeNkayishana KaMenzi Eyaphuz’umlaza Ngameva
Nina BakaBhejane Phum’esiqiwini
Ake sikusukumele ukuqhakambisa ulimu lwethu ngoba uma sizithela ngabandayo amanye amagama anothisa lolulimu ayogcina eshabalele. Lolulimu salunikwa okhokho, olubalwa kubo uNodumehlezi kaMenzi owaba neqhaza nokuqamba amagama alinganiselwa ezinkulungwaneni ezilushumi nesishiyagalolunye (19000), washoda nje ngamagama alinganiswa ezinkulungwaneni ezimbili (2000) ukuze inani lawakhe lilingane nalawo aqanjwa umbhali uWilliam Shakespeare kwamahlophe abelungu.
Namhlanje ake sibheke amagama amqondo fanana, noma achaza into eyodwa. Amanye alamagama asabaluleke kakhulu kwaZulu ngenxa yokuthi ayeyindlela yokuhlonipha.
isibonelo: uma igama likababezala kamakoti kuwuManzi, wayengeke alisebenzise kodwa uma ekhuluma ngamanzi wayezothi amandambi noma amacubane.
Angingabe ngisaphlisa maseko, angihlale amagqozo kulawa engiwakhumbulayo ngezansi;
1 Indlela / Inyathuko = path
2 Gibela / Khwela = to hop on
3 Umiyane / umndozolwane = mosquito
4 Uvalo / ingebhe / itwetwe / ukungenwa amanzi emadolweni = fear
5 Umangobe / ikati = cat
6 Inja / Ingcanga = dog
7 Inkukhu / impandane / isiphandamazala = chicken
8 Unyoko / umama waloyo okukhuluma naye / mother of the person you are talking to
9 Unina / umama wakhe = his/her mother
10 Impakama / ilanga / intshida = sun
11 Ukukhophoza / ukubheka phansi ngokushaywa amahloni = to stir on the ground shyly
12 Amabhodwe / izimbiza / amakhanzi = pots
13 Umhluzi / isobho = gravy / soup
14 Ingonyuluka / iqiniso elimsulwa = honest truth
15 Isihluthulelo / isikhiye = key / lock
16 Iseqamgwaqo / undondindwa / umuntu wesifazane ongaziphethe kahle = a promiscuous woman
17 Isipatsha / isipawupete / intombi enhle kakhulu = a beautiful young woman
18 Umalokazana / umakoti = dauther-in-law
19 Ingodosi (ingoduso) / umuntu wesifazane oselotsholwe / wife-to-be / fiancée
20 Indle / itshe lentaba = a polite word for “shit”
21 Umbungu = featus
22 Inani / intengo = price
23 Ikhala / impumulo = nose
24 Amehlo / amaqaphelo = eyes
25 Imali / inkece / uphacane = money
26 Amafutha / amathambiso / amagcobo = oil
27 Amaqanda / amachoboka = eggs
28 Umfana / umkhapheyana = boy
29 Utshwala / amanzi amponjwana = alcohol
30 igwala / ivaka = coward
31 Umthondo / ipipi / iphobane = penis
32 Ukuzigqaja / ukuziqhenya = to be proud
33 Ugqozi / ufuqufuku / ilukuluku / umqhanagu = enthusiasm / oomph / having great energy
34 Ikhehla / ixhegu = a very old man
35 Iziqabeko = sanitary pads
36 Indoda / injeza = man
37 Inkinga / ingwadla = problem
38 Indlu / inkathelo = house
39 Phuza / natha = drink
40 Isinkwa / isiphoco = bread
41 Ukweshela / ukuqomisa / ukukhuzela (shouting of love vocatives) = to woo a girl/woman
42 inyama / incoso = meat
Ngiyethemba nawe unawo awakho ongasicobelela ngawo kumaComments;
Nime njalo! Nina Besilo!
Soka Mthembu
Umlingiswa – umuntu endabeni. Indlela abantu abavezwe ngayo endabeni ibizwa ngokuthi ukuvezwa kwabalingiswa.
Isixakaxaka – udweshu oluvuka phakathi kwabalingiswa, phakathi kwabalingiswa kanye nezimo ezibazungezile, noma ukungqubuzana kokufiswayo kanye nokungamagugu.